Craftsmanship of mechanical components


Release time:

2025-02-13

When designing mechanical parts, it is not only necessary to meet the usage requirements, that is, to have the required working ability, but also to meet the production requirements. Otherwise, it may not be possible to manufacture them, or although they can be manufactured, it may be labor-intensive and uneconomical. Under specific production conditions, if the designed mechanical parts are easy to process and have low processing costs, then such parts are called having good processability.
The basic requirements for processability are:
(1) The methods for preparing raw materials in mechanical manufacturing include direct use of profiles, casting, forging, stamping, and welding. The selection of raw materials is related to specific production technology conditions, generally depending on production batch size, material properties, and processing possibilities.
(2) When designing the structural shape of parts with simple and reasonable structure, it is better to use the simplest surfaces (such as flat, cylindrical, spiral) and their combinations, while also minimizing the number of machined surfaces and the machining area as much as possible.
(3) The processing cost of parts with appropriate manufacturing precision and surface roughness increases with the improvement of precision, especially in cases of high precision, and this increase is extremely significant. Therefore, high accuracy should not be pursued without sufficient evidence. Similarly, the surface roughness of parts should also be appropriately specified according to the actual needs of the mating surface. To design parts with good processability, designers must combine with process technicians and be good at learning from them. In addition, some basic knowledge about processability is also provided in the courses and manuals of metal technology for reference.